超音波導引攝護腺切片檢查須知(Information on Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy)
【Learning points】
- For procedures requiring heavy sedation,the patient must not eat or drink anything gor at least 6-8 hours before the procedure.
- The patient should remain lying flat at least 2 hours after the procedure. Do not get out of bed if any bleeding from the procedure site.
- Once the patient is fully awake, oral intake may be initiated if the patient tolelates water without vomiting or choking.
- It may take more than 7 days to receive the formal pathology report and 1 month to obtain the chromosome analysis report.
- The dressing will be charged by a nurse 24 hours after the procedure. After discharge, the dressing should be changed daily until the wound has healed.
I. Purpose：
To obtain a bone marrow tissue sample from the patient for cytological and histopathological examinations to facilitate further diagnosis and guide subsequent treatment. Prior to the bone marrow aspiration and biopsy procedures, the attending specialist will provide a comprehensive explanation of the purpose, procedure, potential risks, benefits, and other relevant information. Should you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to consult the examining physician or the appropriate medical staff before the procedure.
II. Indication and Contraindication：
Indication: Leukemia; hematologic disorders (including anemia and pancytopenia); evaluation for possible metastatic disease; suspected storage disorders; bone marrow culture for the investigation of infection; and other clinically indicated conditions.
Contraindication: Bleeding disorders or a significant bleeding tendency, unstable clinical condition, or any other condition that, in the judgment of the attending physician, may increase the risk associated with the procedure.
Contraindication: Bleeding disorders or a significant bleeding tendency, unstable clinical condition, or any other condition that, in the judgment of the attending physician, may increase the risk associated with the procedure.
III. Preparation before examination：
- The patient must provide written informed consent prior to the procedure. If moderate or deep sedation is required, a separate informed consent for sedation must also be obtained.
- If the procedure is to be performed under moderate or deep sedation, the patient must refrain from eating or drinking for at least 6–8 hours prior to the procedure, unless otherwise instructed by the attending physician.
IV. The procedure：
- The physician performing the procedure will determine the most appropriate site for obtaining the bone marrow sample. The preferred site is typically the anterior superior iliac spine (Picture 1) or the posterior superior iliac spine (Picture 2), depending on the patient's clinical condition and the physician's judgment.
Picture 1:anterior superior iliac spine Picture 2:posterior superior iliac spine
(Image Source: AI-generated) (Image Source: Hand-drawn by Nurse Chen Yishan) - If sedation is required, the physician will first administer the sedative intravenously. The selected site for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy (as shown in Figures 1 and 2) will then be disinfected, followed by the administration of a local anesthetic to minimize discomfort during the procedure
- Under sterile conditions, the physician will insert a biopsy needle into the bone marrow cavity to aspirate an appropriate volume of bone marrow and obtain a bone marrow biopsy specimen. The collected specimens may subsequently undergo cytological examination, histopathological examination, cytogenetic analysis, molecular genetic testing, flow cytometric immunophenotyping, and minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment, as clinically indicated, to facilitate diagnosis, guide treatment planning, evaluate therapeutic response, and monitor disease status during follow-up.
- Upon completion of the procedure, the puncture site will be compressed to achieve hemostasis and then covered with sterile gauze and adhesive dressing.
V.After the procedure：
- If the puncture site is the anterior superior iliac spine, apply pressure with a sandbag and instruct the patient to remain in a supine position for at least 2 hours. If the puncture site is the posterior superior iliac spine, the patient should remain in a supine position and rest for 1–2 hours, and should not be allowed to ambulate until hemostasis is achieved. If bleeding persists after sandbag compression or after 2 hours of bed rest, the nurse should be notified immediately.
- Please notify the nurse immediately if any of the following symptoms occur: bleeding through the gauze dressing, irregular heartbeat, cold extremities, hypotension, cyanosis, or any other concerning symptoms.
- Once the patient is fully awake, oral intake of water may be initiated. If there is no vomiting or choking within 15–30 minutes, the patient may resume oral intake of food.
- The final pathological report may require more than 7 days for completion, while chromosome analysis results may take approximately 1 month.
- The nurse will perform a dressing change 24 hours after the bone marrow aspiration procedure. After discharge, the dressing should be changed daily until a scab has formed. The wound should be observed for signs of bleeding, changes in surrounding skin color, erythema, or abnormal discharge, and kept clean and dry. If the dressing becomes wet or dislodged, it should be replaced promptly.
- Standard step for wound care:
VI. Conclusion：
The amount of bone marrow collected during the procedure is not expected to adversely affect the patient’s health. After discharge, the puncture site should be inspected daily for signs of redness, swelling, warmth, pain, or discharge. The dressing should be changed daily in accordance with the nurse’s instructions until a scab has formed. The wound should be kept clean and dry at all times. If the dressing becomes wet or dislodged, it should be replaced promptly. Should any abnormal findings be observed at the wound site, the patient should seek medical attention immediately.
VII.Reference：
- Jamy, O., Bourne, G., Mudd, T. W., Thigpen, H., & Bhatia, R. (2025). Revisiting the Role of Day 14 Bone Marrow Biopsy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers, 17(5), 900.https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17050900
- Marinelli Busilacchi, E., Morsia, E., & Poloni, A. (2024). Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue, 13(9), 724.
- Wahlig, B. D., Broida, S. E., Rose, P. S., Robinson, S. I., Siontis, B. L., & Houdek, M. T. (2023). Is Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy of Clinical Importance in the Initial Staging of Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma?.481(11), 2177–2182.https://doi.org/10.1097/CORR.0000000000002661
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- 位置
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- 資料夾名稱
- English
- 上傳者
- 尤怡婷
- 單位
- 中榮護理衛教
- 英文名稱
- Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy
- 分類
- 檢查
- 科別
- 英語
- 癌症照護
- 是
- 建立
- 2023-12-30 13:54:04
- 最近修訂
- 2026-07-21 10:15:14
- 版本
- 2026-07-21