超音波導引攝護腺切片檢查須知(Information on Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy)
【learning focus】
- Frailty merupakan suatu sindrom penyakit geriatri yang secara klinis ditandai dengan penurunan berat badan, kesulitan melakukan apapun, dan aktivitas fisik yang tidak mencukupi sehingga menyebabkan kebingungan fungsi kognitif, penurunan aktivitas fisik, dan kematian.
- Tindakan intervensi untuk mencegah kelemahan termasuk meningkatkan kekuatan otot, memperkuat fungsi anggota tubuh, dan mengonsumsi nutrisi dan kalori yang cukup.
- Melalui bantuan profesional dari klinik pengobatan geriatri dan penilaian komprehensif terhadap lansia, kami dapat mengidentifikasi penyakit yang dapat diobati dan memulihkan kesehatan.
A. What is frailty？
Frailty is a syndrome of geriatric diseases in which the balance of the body is disturbed, leading to a decline in health and functional status. This, in turn, reduces physical activity and affects quality of life. The clinical manifestations of frailty include weight loss, difficulty in performing daily activities, insufficient physical activity, slower walking speed, and reduced grip strength.
(A)Frailty self-examination
The following three questions provide self-examination: if you answer "yes" to one question, you are "pre-frailty"; if you answer "yes" to two questions, you are frailty.
a.Weight
Loss：Have you lost more
than 3kg in a year?
b.Muscle Strength：Do you often sit in
a chair and require support from your hands or assistance to get up?
c.Tired：Do you often feel
unmotivated about things recently?
(B)What could frailty lead to?
a.Cognitive Dysfunction- memory loss、day-night reversal
b.Fall down easily
c. Decreased Physical Activity
d.Leading to Death
(C)What should I do if I have become frail?
a.To treat or manage potential debilitating causes such as diabetes, chronic infections, cancer, depression, or dementia, it is advisable to seek professional help from the outpatient department of Gerontology. Through a comprehensive assessment of the elderly, healthcare professionals can identify treatable diseases, detect them early, and provide early treatment to promote health recovery.
b.What can I do if I cannot take care of myself in daily life?
(D) How to prevent frailty？
Before the activity, please gradually
increase your exercise duration and intensity based on your physical condition.
There are three types of exercise, described as follows:(1) Stretching: Increases
flexibility. Recommended 3–5 times per week, holding each stretch for
15–30 seconds (e.g., stretching exercises, yoga, gymnastics).(2) Resistance Training:
Strengthens bone density. Recommended at least 2 times per week, repeating
each movement 10–20 times until slightly fatigued (e.g., lifting
water-filled bottles).(3) Aerobic Exercise: Enhances
cardiopulmonary function. Recommended at least 3 times per week for 20
minutes per session (e.g., running, brisk walking, swimming, cycling,
dancing, ultra-slow jogging).
1. Vitamin D Intake：To maintain normal calcium metabolism, a daily supplement of 600 IU (approx. 15 mcg) is recommended. Vitamin D can be obtained from two primary sources:Animal Sources (Vitamin D3): Such as salmon, mackerel, milk, and egg yolks.Plant Sources (Vitamin D2): Such as dried shiitake mushrooms or dried wood ear mushrooms.
2. Protein Intake：To increase muscle mass, daily protein intake should be adjusted based on health status:General Healthy Seniors: 0.8 to 1.2 g per kg of body weight. Malnourished Individuals: 1.2 to 1.5 g per kg of body weight. Patients with Renal Failure: 0.8 to 1 g per kg of body weight.Food Source Examples:One serving of Beans, Fish, Eggs, or Meat: Contains 7 g of protein.One serving of Dairy: Contains 8 g of protein.
B. In conclusion:
In 2018, Taiwan officially entered the ageing society, and it is crucial that we strive to reduce disability among the elderly. Therefore, if frailty can be detected early, disability can be prevented by dietary adjustments, exercise, and lifestyle changes. This reduces the amount of time spent bedridden in old age, with the expectation that the elderly will not only live longer lives but also experience good health and quality of life.
C. References:
王芷郁、陳品汎（2023）・高齡要勇健～動起來・中華民國糖尿病衛教學會會訊，19(1)，38-40・https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20141022001-N202304120015-00011
胡昱勝、李逸軒、羅玉岱、楊登棋、賴佩君、游詠晨、蘇睿寧、張雅燕、林威宏（2024）・高齡衰弱臨床照護指引回顧與應用・內科學誌，35(6)，431-439・https://doi.org/10.6314/JIMT.202412_35(6).05
張景泓（2023）・老年糖尿病之衰弱與肌少症營養照護・中華民國糖尿病衛教學會會訊，19(1)，23-29・https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20141022001-N202304120015-00008
陳彥憓、陳淑卿（2025）・住院病人出院準備度臨床評估與護理處置・長庚護理，36(2)，14-26・https://doi.org/10.6386/CGN.202506_36(2).0002
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- 2024-01-24 19:52:40
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